A criminal charge disclosed by the United States Department of Justice on 5 October, which links a surveillance operation across Changsha, Las Vegas, Seattle and Los Angeles into a complete chain. Wanying “Heather” Zhang, 34 years old, was arrested by the FBI while preparing to board a flight to China at Los Angeles International Airport. The prosecution accused her of acting as a government agent of the People ' s Republic of China without being registered in accordance with the law and of monitoring a senior official of Taiwan at the direction of Chinese officials in the United States.

According to a public affidavit of the United States Department of Justice, Zhang travelled to China in June 2025 and met with Chinese government officials in Changsha. She then coordinated with another person to conduct surveillance in the north-west of the United States. On 1 September 2025, the two men arrived near the target residence and waited in rented vehicles. When the targeted families returned, Zhang was pointed at taking photographs and videos while sending vehicle plates and site information to Chinese contacts. She also sent a message to her contact person, such as “the young man who saw him”.

洛杉矶国际机场资料图。Zhang在准备离境前于机场被FBI逮捕|来源:Los Angeles Times
洛杉矶国际机场资料图。Zhang在准备离境前于机场被FBI逮捕|来源:Los Angeles Times · 查看图片来源 ↗
原始来源 · justice.gov美国司法部案件公告justice.gov ↗

The key to this case is not a single actor but the chain of tasks that emerges from judicial documents: the assignment of a domestic official, the tracking of persons outside the country, the real-time return of communications software and the targeting of family members. The FBI, in its paper, stated that possession of information on the residence and vehicle of close relatives of Taiwan ' s leaders could be used as a leverage for pressure on Taiwan in potential conflicts.

The Taiwan Presidential Palace subsequently characterized the case as a typical transnational crackdown and called on the international community to join in its opposition. In recent years, the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom and the European Multinational Investigation Office have been involved in cases involving China's overseas surveillance, secret policing, harassment of dissidents and threats against family members. While Beijing has consistently denied the alleged transnational repression in these incidents, the accumulation of court documents and criminal cases is turning the otherwise difficult-to-proven offshore deterrence mechanism into a retroactivity-prosecutable chain of evidence.

The case also revealed a deeper problem: the pressure of the Communist Party regime on Taiwan did not exist only in the military aircraft, warships and diplomatic arenas. The inclusion of the life trajectories of the families of Taiwan leaders in the monitoring process is essentially an extension of inter-State political conflict to private space. It relies not on open diplomacy, but on covert missions, informal agents and offshore surveillance.

The United States Department of Justice stated that Zhang could face up to 10 years ' imprisonment if the relevant charges were established. Criminal proceedings will continue to be heard by the courts in accordance with the law, but the judicial material already made public is sufficient to show that the United States law enforcement agencies are treating the Chinese Government ' s covert operations in the United States as a matter of national security and sovereignty, and no longer as a mere ordinary harassment case.

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